What are some ways to discipline my kitten?

My boyfriend and I got a kitten about a month ago. She is now four and a half months old and has started bad habits, such as scratching the furniture and trying to get food off of your plate. The vet told us to try spraying her with vinegar water when she does an undesirable act. That worked for about a week, but its not ineffective and she even tries to to drink the water out of the water bottle. Any other suggestions?